Ancient Civilization And The Aztec Civilization Essay

One of the greatest ancient Mesoamerican civilizations lies right below modern day Mexico City. (Yellow,16) Legends have been told about the history of Mexico City, but not until recently was the great city of Tenochtitlan uncovered while construction workers were digging in Mexico City. There are very few physical remains of the ancient city today, but the history of this great civilization is still with us. This civilization was created by the Aztecs, who built their empire in 1325 AD. (Yellow,15). The capital of the Aztecs, Tenochtitlan, flourished rapidly as their life revolved around their religion, which greatly helped them expand their empire. Religion played a key role in the ancient Aztec society and consisted of numerous gods, ceremonies, and temples. According to Aztec legend, the Aztec civilization came about when the god Huitzilopochtli told his people to find a new home for their civilization. The people traveled and eventually ended up at Lake Texcoco. This is where th ey see an eagle perched on a cactus eating a snake, which was the gods sign that this will be their permanent home. So, the Aztecs settled on an island inside of Lake Texcoco, called Tenochtitlan. By listening to their god, they began one of the greatest civilizations in Mesoamerica, which would continue to flourish until 1521 AD (yellow 16) The Aztec people had a polytheistic religion. This means that the Aztecs worshiped hundreds of gods,, and they all had a certain role in theShow MoreRelatedThe Ancient Aztecs Complex And Advanced Civilization966 Words   |  4 PagesHistory A Honors Hilp March 3, 2015 The Ancient Aztecs Complex and Advanced Civilization. The Aztecs were a civilization that emerged in Mesoamerica around the start of the thirteenth century and existed until 1521 CE. The Aztecs had their own system of government, a very complex religion, and sports and games were very important to the civilization. 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A World Class E-Government Singapore Free Essays

E-government refers to the transformation of the business of the government such as processes, operations and transactions that is driven by the information technology. This can happen both internally (streamlined government administration procedures for greater efficiency and effectiveness) and externally (simplified, enhanced government-client interaction via online connections) (Tan, Pan Lim, 2007). Singapore is a small country with a population of about four million with a small market and limited natural resources. We will write a custom essay sample on A World Class E-Government: Singapore or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although Singapore’s position as an information gateway in the region has lead it to become a global hub which is attractive to many Multinational National Companies (MNC) (Chan Al-Hawamdeh, 2002). Singapore is a leader in the electronic governance that has invited worldwide recognition. Singapore’s e-government offers 98% of all government services are provided online for businesses and the community. It is one of the first countries to have the Civil Service Computerization Program (CSCP). The above mechanism was followed by the e-Government Action Plans. These involved implementing as many public services online as possible, adding value to the e-services and providing a one stop service via the internet. Singapore has launched a iGov2010 plan in the aim of bringing the government a greater efficiency by integrating the back end processes of the government ministries and organisations. As per Tan, Pan Lim (2007) it improves efficiency in terms of utilizing less time, effort and material resources while maintaining a constant level of output. There are two portals offered by the government of Singapore which are namely for the citizens and the businesses. The portal offered for the citizens is known as the eCitizen Portal which is the single entry point for the community to access the services provided by the government and private corporations. The portal is to be accessed by the SingPass which is given to the citizens and permanent residents of Singapore. It is the single online user identification called the Singapore Personal Access. Through this system they can access their own confidential information. Also through the e-portal the community can post any thoughts on issues they are currently facing. For example the extensions of the smoking ban or the country’s national climate change strategy. The portal offered for businesses involves the Online Business Licensing Service (OBLS). This is an one stop portal for government registrations and licenses required to conduct business in Singapore. Through this portal the applicant needs to complete only one integrated form for multiple licenses. The system provides consolidated online payment mechanisms for one-time payments for multiple license fees. This system has lead the processing time a business license to reduce from 21 days to 8 days saving businesses more than $2. million annually. Therefore the implementation of IT in the government has lead to an increase in effectiveness and efficiency in providing services to businesses. Another example of such is provided by Tan, Pan Lim (2007) where the unprocessed tax returns accumulated in the Singapore income tax department resulted in administrative backlogs and dissatisfaction among taxpayers. The e-filing system in the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) has lead to greater efficiency in the department and the use of back-end infrastructure to incorporate taxation calculations and regulations has improved its effectiveness. Question 1: Explore the two portals. What are the benefits to both the community and businesses? In Singapore, citizens have quickly warmed up to the e-Government services. Activities such as renewing road taxes and e-filing of income tax returns over the internet are now common among the community (n. a. , 2006). The main benefit for the community is the lessened administrative burdens they have to go through for payments, renewals and other services. The e-Government would lead to an improved quality of information with a reduction in the process time. It would also result in cost reduction for both the community and the ministries. These improved service levels would lead to efficiency where the community operating with the e-Government would be satisfied (Corsi, Gumina Ciriaci, 2006). Another benefit that is enjoyed is the ability for the citizens to use their mobile phones to interact with the government services. There are many services offered by the e-Government in Singapore that is compatible with the hand held device. For example Housing Development Board and IRAS. Another benefit provided is the use of SingPass to access the individuals own MyeCitizen account. Having this unique SingPass would enable the privacy and confidentiality of the citizens. The users can personalise the portal and they have a variety of channels to choose from such as MyTravel, MyKids and MyCareer. Lastly the ability of the citizens to voice out their opinions is a great benefit for both the government and the citizens. Businesses have also benefited by the services provided by the e-Government. It is an increased efficiency and convenience to deal through the online platform. The offering of the Online Business Licensing Service (OBLS) allows the applicant to complete one integrated form for multiple licenses. The website provides the applicants with step by step guide which makes it trouble-free for the business to apply for licenses. By the OBLS the processing time of applications were reduced from 21days to 8days. This would be an efficient approach for the business where they can concentrate on other parts of starting up the business without a delay from the government authorities. Question 2: According to the chapter, there are six stages in the transformation to e-government. Which do you think Singapore is in? Why? In order for a transformation of a traditional government to an fully functional online government, there are six stages that are to be completed. These factors are explained in Wong (2000). Stage one is information publishing/dissemination which involves providing information on individual govermental departments by seting up their own website. It allows the community and businesses to choose from a range of services and contact for further assistance. By this activity the, the government departments would be able to reduce the number of phone calls customers need to make in order to clarify requests. Stage two is the â€Å"official†two-way transactions where the customers are able to submit personal information and conduct monetory transactions with individual departments through secure websites. At this stage customers should be convinced about the departments ability to keep the information private. Stage three is the multi-purpose portals. It involves integrating different departments. A portal allows the customers use a single point of entry to send and receive information and to process monetory transactions across many departments. Stage four is the portal personalisation where the customers can customise portals with their desired features. The goverment needs a much more sophisticated web programming that allows the interfaces to be user-manipulated. By the personalisation activity, the government can have a clearer read on the customer preference for electronic versus non-electronic service options. Stage fiveinvolves the clustering of common services where the customers now view the once-diparate services as a unified package through the portal. They tend to recognise group of transactions rather than than the group of agencies. Therefore the government will cluster the services along common lines to accelerate the delivery of shared services. Stage six involves the full integration and enterprise transformation. This is the stage where all departments across the government is integrated with technology. It would bridge a shortened gap between the front and back offices. Singapore’s e-government is in stage six in the Deloitte’s transformation model. E-government in Singapore has carried out Action plans since year 2000 regarding the accessibility, integration and providing value added services with one-stop service via the internet. There iGov2010 plan was launched in 2006 which involves bringing the e-government to a greater level of efficiency. This is to accomplished by back end processes across the entire government’s ministries. Question 3: What could other governments learn from the example of Singapore?  Despite the differences in Singapore and other styles of governments, there are things a country can learn from Singapore’s e-government experiences. Singapore has enjoyed political stability since independence in 1965 and the People’s Action Party (PAP) has been in government throughout that period. Due to the one party government system, there has been little or no disruption of policy implementation, which has enhanced the effectiveness of the delivery mechanism of public services. This stability has created well-organized institutions that help all stakeholders to adopt e-Services. Investments and master plans have leaded the success story of Singapore. For an instance in 2005,, the Singaporean government introduced a master plan to tackle security issues. S$38m (? 12. 3 million) will be invested in this plan to ensure a secure online environment. Incentives for tax-payers who submit tax declarations electronically, extensions of deadlines for those who are willing to declare their incomes electronically and lower fees for people who apply for their passports online are some incentives given by the government to promote e services and thereby an e governance. The social strengths of Singapore have been demonstrated by an educational system that produces a well-educated workforce to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). Not only developing its own pool of local talents, Singapore also recruits foreign talents to work in both the public and private sectors. Time saving, convenience and actual monetary savings are the main drives to pull e-Users to e-Services. In conclusion, one country cannot be a model of another country. But any country can be inspired by another. Singapore is a good example for other countries to open doors toward the success. How to cite A World Class E-Government: Singapore, Essay examples

Riddle Is a Manifestation of the Future Problems- Free Samples

Question: Explain On Riddle Is A Manifestation of the Future Problems? Answer: Introducation: This piece of art by Chris Riddle is a manifestation of the future problems of Britain. The picture heavily criticizes the current Prime Minister Theresa may, who is running a long election Campaign to get elected along with her Conservative Government. This picture has been titled as The elephants in Mays room, which displays the upcoming gigantic problems in the country. The growing trade deficit, job cuts and inflation cannot be overlooked by hollow promises by the Government. The problems are as huge as elephants in a small room. Mays unsuccessful strategies to make people overlook this issues and to dream for a better future is criticized by The Guardian. This cartoon is not less than a statement; it is a satire, which reflects the reality of Britain. The entire picture encounters the readers with various issues through the number of elephants. To understand the entire scenario and the picture it is important to understand each problem that has been highlighted in the picture. T he idea behind the picture is to explain the current political situation in Great Britain. A year after Britains exit, the fifth largest economy in the world is facing severe problems to sustain itself properly. This piece of cartoon, which was published in The Guardian on 21st May, 2017 displays the irony of the current situation of the country (Riddell, 2017). The propaganda of Leave the European Union to become a self-dependent economy and control its own trade policies in its own terms have boomeranged their own future. Theresa May the current prime Minister of Great Britain, who took office at 10 Downing Street in the last summer is facing magnanimous problems in various sectors. The cartoon highlights the irony through wit, farce and humour. In the last one year, British citizens have experienced massive inflation in the prices of the basic amenities like food. Crisis in the NHS (National Health Service), international trade relations and National Insurance has bewildered the future of May and Great Britain. The hypnotic and irrational phobia for immigration and mean ingless fear for the rise of Islamofascism is showcased in the picture. In the upcoming elections, May is pressing for more support for a stronger government but does she have a plan for this; the question remains. The manipulation of gaining public support through the racist propaganda and the rise of the right across Europe has become a major concern for the liberal left in the continent (Dhingra et al., 2016). This cartoon stands out among all other eminent works in the European media, as it ably emphasizes on all the problems that Britain faces in the future. The power of the art lies in the reason behind its creation. The work symbolizes NHS deficit as one of the major issues. According to various media reports, Britain needs a large scale investment in the National health care to avoid the upcoming worse scenario in Britain. Prime Ministers call for early elections was a shock for the lion share of the media. She shifted the national elections form 2017 to June 2020 (Houghton, Hamdan Marder, 2017). Perhaps she believed that she can ride on the Brexit success. According to media reports, her plan is to achieve more seats in the parliament. The opposition has named her an opportunist because of her plan to gain a large support from the unaffected public form the north of the country. As it is known that the Liberal Democratic Party has declared them as anti Brexit and they want to gain p ower in order to recall the referendum to get back into EU. The reports in the Guardian state that May has the plan to catch her opposition off guard. In her speeches and interviews, May mentions that if she will be chosen as the Prime Minister in the upcoming elections, she and her Conservative Government will help to build an economy where the jobs are secure, health care system will be better and cheaper (BBC News, 2017). She states that her modern industrial strategy can help Britain to achieve the economic feet. However, in UK the labour organizations and forces have reportedly claimed that May and her strategy can only ensure a gloomy future for the the working class (Christopher Hope, 2017). The opposition is also claiming that May has so much to do and her plans to do are so less, if referred to what she is presenting in the public. Along with the problems of Brexit and ensuring stability in the British economy, the challenge will be to provide the additional jobs for the British citizens. The truth is written on the wall, Brexit has heavily affected into the increase in the cost of immigration. This is a major issue among the major industrial sectors in Britain. The 2 percent tax rise for the self employed citizens of Britain is under heavy criticism from the last month. According to the Telegraph, Philip Hammons announcement of the tax increase is the direct violation of the promises the Tory Government made in the elections (Riddell, 2017). Then, the Prime Ministerial candidate announced that he will not allow any increase in the income taxes for at least five years. Hammon stated that,Employed and self-employed alike use our public services in the same way but they are not paying for them in the same way. And that led to an intra party conflict between May and Hammon. May handled the situation by a u-turn on the taxes (Elliott, Asthana, Stewart, 2017). The picture also questions the silence of May on Hammon and ironically presents the questions of the common public. Since, the last fifty years Britain has been instrumental in bringing high skilled workers and officials for the jobs in the country. The process of immigration got simpler due to the EU policies. The easy liberal policies of immigration helped the industrialists in the country to bring in required workers in the country (telegraph.co.uk, 2017). Since, the entire immigration policies will have to be re-negotiated and re-discussed. This has led to enormous confusion among the finance and other industries. The largest contributor in the British GDP was financial services it used to offer. Britain used to employ many skilled experts from around the world. This system has been hit by the Brexit phenomena. The exit of Great Britain from the European Union has been hitting the headlines since last year. In June 24, 2016, the Leave European Union won the popular vote by more than three percent. These incidents resulted into nightmares for the Economic pundits, the European mainland immigran ts of Britain, the Industrialists and the media (Irwin, 2015). A section of the media has repeatedly blamed David Cameron for such an outcome. Great Britain is about to leave The EU from 2019. This section of the media has repeatedly called this a result to the constant rise of Xenophobia and Islamophobia in the west. The section of the media blamed Cameron for granting such a self-destructing referendum from the parliament. Earlier the same media praised Cameron for uplifting the same country from the brink of bankruptcy to a stronger economy in the six years of his tenure. The fallacy of Britain is its steps towards its own downfall. The core of the criticism is about how May is manipulating and fooling the common public by hiding the problems of Britain. Theresa May is running for the Prime Ministers seat in the upcoming elections without any concrete plan for the future (BBC News, 2017). The cartoon displays the irony of the British public who is complete hypnotized by the imagination that Brexit will bring prosperity to the British Public. The recent opinion polls have reported Mays lead over her opponents. The Guardian has criticized her as she has not delivered anything for the last one year. References BBC NEWS. (2017).BBC News. Retrieved 7 June 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ixwq3KJwy54t=608s BBC News. (2017).BBC News.youtube. Retrieved 7 June 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uU0UYN_F3VMt=87s]. Christopher Hope. (2017).Budget 2017: Millions of self-employed hit by 2 per cent rise in National Insurance Contributions, breaking Tory manifesto promise. Dhingra, S., Ottaviano, G. I., Sampson, T., Reenen, J. V. (2016). The consequences of Brexit for UK trade and living standards. Elliott, L., Asthana, A., Stewart, H. (2017).Philip Hammond signals ditching of Tory 'no tax rise' pledge.the Guardian. Retrieved 23 May 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/21/tory-election-manifesto-may-drop-2015-pledge-to-not-raise-taxes Houghton, D., Hamdan, Z. A., Marder, B. (2017). Structured Abstract: Political Campaigning on TwitterThe Use of Language, Message Tone, and Implications for Political Marketing Communication from the UK General Election 2015. InCreating Marketing Magic and Innovative Future Marketing Trends(pp. 1413-1419). Springer, Cham. Irwin, G. (2015). BREXIT: the impact on the UK and the EU.Global Counsel. Dostupno na: https://www. global-counsel. co. uk/analysis/special-report/brexit-impact-uk-and-eu (29.09. 2016). Riddell, C. (2017).The elephants in May's room - cartoon.the Guardian. Retrieved 9 June 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/picture/2017/may/21/the-elephants-in-mays-room-cartoon telegraph.co.uk. (2017).www.telegraph.co.uk.www.telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 7 June 2017, from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/08/budget-2017-millions-self-employed-hit-2-per-cent-rise-national/ theguardian.com. (2017). theguardian.com.www.theguardian.com. Retrieved 7 June 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/may/22/theresa-may-u-turn-on-dementia-tax-cap-social-care-conservative-manifesto theguardian.com. (2017).the Guardian. Retrieved 7 June 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/may/18/the-guardian-view-on-theresa-may-manifesto-a-new-toryism